Electric bicycles (e-bikes) are an enjoyable and convenient mode of travel and recreation. Because e-bikes can travel at higher speeds and accelerate more quickly than traditional bicycles, riders and others may face increased safety risks. Understanding your e-bike's specifications, knowing the laws that apply to e-bike operation, and practicing safe riding habits can help protect you and our community.

What is an e-bike?

An electric bicycle (e-bike) is a bicycle equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor with a power output of no more than 750 watts.

CLASSIFICATION:

All e-bikes are classified into one of three categories based on how they operate, their maximum assisted speed, applicable age restrictions, and required safety equipment.

IMPORTANT: A vehicle that exceeds California's e-bike definition may not legally be an e-bike. Vehicles modified to exceed applicable speed or power limits can fall into other vehicle categories with different licensing, registration, equipment, and operating requirements.

Pedal-assisted vs Throttle:

Pedal-assisted: The motor provides additional power while the rider is actively pedaling. Motor assistance stops when the rider stops pedaling or when the e-bike reaches its maximum assisted speed.

Throttle: The motor provides power without requiring the rider to pedal. The motor stops when the throttle is released or when the e-bike reaches its maximum assisted speed.

CALIFORNIA'S LAW RIDERS SHOULD KNOW

• Helmet Requirement: A properly fitted and fastened bicycle helmet is required for all riders under 18 years of age. In addition, all operators and passengers are required to wear a properly fitted and fastened bicycle helmet when riding a Class 3 e-bike.
• Age Requirement: Any person under the age of 16 may not operate a Class 3 e-bike.
• Follow Traffic Laws: E-bike operators are subject to the same traffic laws that apply to traditional bicycles, including obeying traffic signals and signs, yielding when required, and complying with other applicable rules.
• Trails and Bikeways: Always check local signs and regulations for e-bike use, including any applicable restrictions.
• Do not modify: Do not modify an e-bike to exceed California's legal definition of an e-bike. Speed-modifying devices or software may alter the vehicle's classification, making it subject to different laws and requirements.
• Check labels: Check the e-bike's label and manufacturer's specifications for its classification, maximum assisted speed, and motor wattage before purchasing or operating the e-bike.

MOTORIZED SCOOTERS:

CVC 407.5 A “motorized scooter” is any two-wheeled device that has handlebars, has either a floorboard that is designed to be stood upon when riding or a seat and footrests in place of the floorboard, and is powered by an electric motor.

• Allowed on bicycle path, trail, or bikeway; not allowed on sidewalk
• Can be driven with any class driver's license

BASIC SAFE PRACTICE

• Always wear a properly fitted helmet on every ride.
• Ride at a safe speed that matches the condition of the road.
• Ride predictably and in the same direction as traffic.
• Follow posted traffic signals, signs, and markings. Yield when required.
• Slow down before intersections, driveways, crossings, and areas with pedestrians.
• Watch for turning vehicles, vehicles entering or backing out of driveways, and other potential hazards or obstructions.
• Use front and rear lights and reflectors when visibility is poor, or conditions make it difficult for others to see you.
• Avoid distractions and do not operate an e-bike while using a handheld mobile phone or other electronic device.
• Never ride under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

MORE INFORMATION

California Vehicle Code: C.V.C. 312.5, C.V.C. 21212.5, C.V.C. 21213, and C.V.C. 24016

San Jose Municipal Code: 13.44.100

Santa Clara County Park: Bikeway Rules